The Maramureş region is in the north of Romania, north
of Transylvania along the Tisza River.
Maramureş (IPA: [ma.ra.'mu.reʃ], Hungarian: Máramaros) is a county (judeţ)
of Romania, in Maramureş, with the capital city at Baia Mare.
It is comprised of Maramureş County and parts of Satu Mare County as
well as parts of the Zakarpattia Oblast in Ukraine. The majority of the
population are Romanians. There are also Hungarians, Ukrainians and
Romas (Gypsies).
Geography
This county has a total area of 6,304 km². 43% of this surface is being
occupied by the Rodna Mountains with the tallest peak is the Pietrosul
with 2303m, and Gutâi and Ţibleş Mounaints all part of the Eastern
Carpathians. The rest are either hills and plateaus or valleys. The
region is crossed by Tisa River and some of its affluents: Iza, Viseu,
Mara.
Economy
Maramureş is known for the persistence of its agricultural traditions,
largely unaffected by industrialisation. The region escaped
collectivisation under Communist dictator Nicolae Ceauşescu, with the
result that local people retain a very close relationship with the land.
Ploughing, planting, harvesting, hay-making and almost every demand of
farming are met by manual labour.
The region is a strong mining region - generally metals other than
iron; around Baia Mare some industrial complexes were built during the
communist period which heavily pollute the area.
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The region is known for its strong Romanian traditions, kept generally
in the rural area. It is well known for its woodworks: Impressive
churches, houses and gates. The rural areas of the region have few roads,
which are often impassable to all but horsecarts or determined walkers.
The main tourist attractions in the county are:
The cities of Baia Mare and Sighetu Marmaţiei.
The villages from the Iza, Mara and Vişeu valley.
Wooden Churches of Maramureş
Merry Cemetery of Săpânţa
The Rodna Mountains.
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Maramureş is the southern part of the former
Máramaros County (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. The northern
section is a part of Transcarpathia in southwestern Ukraine.
This website is a
general tourist guide, designed to help English-speaking tourists
understand Romania, and as such, provides historical
information for the interest of our traveller readers. History
can be a contentious issue, and we welcome input where readers think
clarification or correction is advisable. Please
e-mail us here
if you have questions or comments about anything in this history
section.
The Region
Footnote Info
Second Heading
10th century frontier county Borsova founded by Stephen I of Hungary
11th century historical Maramureş counties separation from Borsova (city
name Borşa shows connection with this)
1241 Tartar invasion killed 50% of the population
14th century Duke (knyaz) Bogdan of Maramureş founded Moldova
In the Middle Ages historical Maramureş county was known for its rich salt
mines and later for its lumber resources.
As a result of decisions taken at the Paris Peace Conference (Treaty of
Trianon, 1920), the historical county Maramureş was divided, with about
three-fifths of its territory going to Czechoslovakia and the remainder,
south of the Tisa River (its left bank), going to Romania.
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